<p>The Robert Mills Manor is housing complex located in Harleston Village in Charleston, South Carolina that is included on the National Register.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Plans for a new housing complex began in May 1935 when the Public Works Administration decided to allocate $1.5 million to Charleston to clear slums and redevelop the land with new housing. The affordable rent was to pay off the cost of the project over 40 years.</p><br>
<p>The area included in the project was densely filled with dilapidated wooden houses with a few brick houses but also several large public buildings. At first, the city&#39;s new Charleston Housing Authority planned to demolish the old Medical College, the Old Charleston Jail, and the Jenkins Orphanage (which operated out of the old Marine Hospital). In January 1938, a third set of plans were submitted by city officials which would have demolished the Old Charleston Jail (except for the wall around the yard), would have used the ruins of the old Medical College (at the northeast corner of Franklin and Queen Sts.) as a recreation building, and would have converted the old Marine Hospital into apartments.</p><br>
<p>At a meeting on September 15, 1938, the project was named in honor of Robert Mills, the South Carolina architect for several notable public buildings including the Marine Hospital and part of the Old City Jail.</p><br>
<p>Bids for the demolition of about seventy houses were opened in October 1938. The new buildings were designed by Housing Architects Associated.</p><br>
<p>Samuel Lapham VI was the principal architect for the project and considered it a good example of Charleston style. On February 8, 1938, a building permit for $432,032 was issued for the new construction. A groundbreaking ceremony was held on February 11, 1939, at which Nathan Straus, administrator of the United States Housing Authority, spoke.</p><br>
<p>Mr. and Mrs. John M. Dorsey were the first occupants of the new development when they moved into 105-H Logan St. on October 16, 1939.</p><br>
<p>The project was planned as a Whites-only housing complex. In 1964, the National Urban League appealed to President Lyndon Johnson to desegregate Charleston&#39;s public housing on the basis of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The original plans called for six two-story buildings with six apartments each and six eight-apartment buildings on the north side of Cromwell Alley. The project was extended between Pitt and Logan Sts. on the south side of Beaufain St. Four more eight-apartment buildings were to be built along Magazine St. between Wilson and Logan Sts. All of the buildings were to be of unpainted brick, using brick salvaged from the demolitions of existing buildings on the site.</p><br>
<p>The Preservation Society of Charleston opposed plans to alter the high brick wall that surrounded the Old Jail. The Charleston Housing Authority rejected the request and decided to substantially lower the height of the wall to allow more light into the yard of the Old Jail.</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Clinton Walker House, also known as Cabin on the Rocks, is located on Carmel Point, near Carmel-by-the-Sea, California. The house was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1948 and completed in 1952 for Mrs. Clinton "Della" Walker of Pebble Beach. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 17, 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1918, Willis J. Walker and his wife purchased 216 acre of land in Carmel, which included this lot on the ocean. In the 1940s it was deeded to Della Walker with the condition that she find a noted architect to design a house. Della reached out to Frank Lloyd Wright and told him she wanted a house “as durable as the rocks and as transparent as the waves."</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house, an example of Wright&#39;s organic architecture, is built on a mass of granite boulders, uses the local Carmel-stone, and has a roof the color of the sea that is shaped to resemble a ship. It is the only Frank Lloyd Wright house that overlooks the ocean.</p><br>
<p>It has a Usonian design; it was built as a 1,200 square feet, single-story house that incorporates a hexagon concrete floor with 120-degree angles, with three rooms completely open with views of the ocean. The low roof was once covered with triangular porcelain panels because of the copper restrictions during the Korean War in the 1950s, these were later replaced with copper shingles. The living-dining room is centered around a floor-to-ceiling fireplace with built-in furniture. The hexagonal modules of the floor plan gave the appearance of a honeycomb. The window frames are painted in Wright&#39;s signature "Cherokee Red" color with reverse-stepped glass windows.</p><br>
<p>In 1954, Wright said, "The over-all-effect is quiet, and the long white surf lines of the sea seem to join the lines of the house to make a natural melody." The grounds were designed by the landscape architect Thomas Church. Later, Walker had a studio addition to the master bedroom designed in 1956 by her nephew.</p><br>
<h2>A Summer Place</h2><br>
<p>In the 1959 movie A Summer Place, the characters Ken Jorgenson (Richard Egan) and Sylvia (Dorothy McGuire) have a beach house, which was filmed at the Clinton Walker House. In the film, Sylvia tells Molly (Sandra Dee) that Frank Lloyd Wright designed the house, seemingly located on the East Coast near the movies "Pine Island" location. The film shows views of the Walker houses interior, exterior and patio. Additional scenes were filmed at a cottage located at Mission Ranch Hotel and Restaurant in Carmel.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations</h2><br>
<p>Della added an addition, in 1960, to the master bedroom based on a 1956 studio addition that was designed by Wright. It was completed by some of the original carpenters that had built the house.</p><br>
<p>In 1964, San Francisco sculptor Robert Howard installed a crushed stone and copper ore mermaid sculpture on the deck, called Undine. The 5 ft two-ton sculpture sits on a base that can be rotated for viewing.</p><br>
<p>In 2010, the front living room window mullions were replaced, the front gate repaired, and the National Historic Register Plaque was installed at the front door. Other projects included replacing the rear yard windscreen, updating the garden, and repairing the radiant floor.</p><br>
<p>In 2018, the wall or ship&#39;s prow of the building facing the water was replaced because the Carmel stone had worn away and water had gotten inside the concrete.</p><br>
<p>Thomas Hope House is a historic ranch home located in Santa Barbara, California. Constructed in 1875, the home had several owners before being renovated in 1968. The home was designated as a Santa Barbara County historic landmark in 1969 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Around 1850, Thomas Hope moved to Santa Barbara with his wife to raise sheep and cattle. Hope&#39;s business was successful and he quickly became one of the wealthiest men in the Santa Barbara area. In 1875, Hope elected to build a ranch home and dedicated $10,000 to the project. Hope enlisted famed local architect Peter Barber to design the home. Barber had previously designed a number of Victorian style buildings in the area.</p><br>
<p>Hope died from stomach cancer in 1876, shortly after the home was completed. His wife and children continued to live in the home until 1888, at which point it was sold to the Pacific Improvement Company, which was an arm of the Southern Pacific Railroad. In 1919, the Railroad sold the home to Maurice Heckser. Heckser, in turn, sold the home to Harold S. Chase in 1924–25, a developer who was responsible for the creation of the Hope Ranch community. The home was then used as the headquarters for the Hope Ranch Park.</p><br>
<p>In 1967, the home was sold to E. George and Vivian Obern. The Oberns found the home in a state of disrepair, with the local government threatening to demolish it if repairs were not made. The Oberns elected to renovate the home rather than demolish it. The renovation began in the Spring of 1968 and resulted in the home receiving a new kitchen, bathrooms, wiring, plumbing, gas lines, and a furnace. The Oberns tried to replace the original fixtures and furnishings with materials salvaged from old homes and found in antique shops to the fullest possible extent.</p><br>
<p>On December 5, 1968, the Oberns asked Santa Barbara County to designate the house as a historic landmark. The Oberns&#39; request was granted on August 4, 1969. The home was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 1, 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural style</h2><br>
<p>The home is considered to be a Victorian redwood house, with a center staircase leading visitors up to four rooms on each side of the house, for a total of nine rooms in the house. The house originally included a functioning coal burning fireplace.</p><br>
<p>Eucalyptus Tree Row, also known as Carmel Valley Road-Boronda Road Eucalyptus Tree Row, is located on Boronda Road off Carmel Valley Road in Carmel Valley, California. The unusual street side row of Eucalyptus globulus trees was planted sometime between 1874 and 1881, by Nathan Weston Spaulding, during the species&#39; peak popularity in California for landscaping. The landscape feature was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 10, 2008.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The row of eucalyptus trees was planted, between 1874 and 1881, by Nathan Weston Spaulding (1829-1903), the 15th Mayor of Oakland, to establish an entry to his Rancho Los Laureles Ranch. This was at a time when planting eucalyptus trees had reached a great degree of popularity, promoted by American horticulturist and entrepreneur Ellwood Cooper, who arrived in California in 1870 and published the book Forest Culture and the Eucalyptus Trees in 1876. The row consists of 33 historic, 130-year-old trees between 36 and 120 inches in diameter. There are 6 along the 317-ft. Carmel Valley Road; 14 along the 370-ft north side of Boronda Road and 13 along the 581-ft south side of Boronda Road. All the trees are located on the public right-of-way and stand in their original positions.</p><br>
<p>The most common eucalyptus planted in California was the Eucalyptus globulus or Blue Gum, a species which can reach heights of 150–200 feet. It was often planted as a windbreak for farmlands such as those in Carmel Valley and Salinas. Large gatherings of Blue Gum eucalyptus can be seen at Garland Ranch Regional Park in Carmel Valley. During the malaria outbreak in the 1870 and 1880, the aroma of eucalyptus leaves was believed to provide health benefits. Eucalyptol, an oil derived from the leaves is used in the manufacture of medicines. The blossoms also provide nectar for bees.</p><br>
<p>In 1948, the 75-year-old eucalyptus trees were photographed as growing high along the Carmel Valley Road. By February 1957, the Carmel Valley Property Owners&#39; Association voted to retain them. On October 26, 2007, a group of citizens applied for national historic status with the Monterey County Historic Review Board.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>Today, the Carmel Valley Road-Boronda Road Eucalyptus Tree Row remains largely the same as when it was planted. It has significance as an example of landscape architecture. It has historical value as the only known landscaped eucalyptus tree row in Carmel Valley.</p><br>
<p>The Iowa Ford Tractor Company Repair and Warehouse Building is a historic building located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The single-story, 15,000 ft&sup2; building was built in 1949. It was used by the Iowa Ford Tractor Company as a tractor repair and storage facility. In 1977 the building was acquired by the H.B. Leiserowitz Company. They were mostly a photography supply company but they were also a general store and they sold wholesale candy, soda, chips, and cigarettes to small grocery stories and gas stations. It closed in 2017 after its owner died. Green Acre Development Company bought the building later the same year and has plans to convert it into offices. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.</p><br>
<p>The J. L. Streit House, at 2201 Grand Ave. in Pueblo, Colorado, is a Queen Anne-style house which was built in 1888. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Its front is dominated by a polygonal tower which gave rise to it being known locally as the "octagon house".</p><br>
<p>It was designed by local architect Patrick P. Mills (d.1933).</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant "due to its historic role in the development of Pueblo as one of the premier model homes for the Dundee Investment Company, and for its unique octagonal frontal tower which gained, for it, local landmark status as the brainchild of pioneer architect, P. P. Mills."</p><br>
<p>It has also been known as the Creel House.</p><br>
<p>The Galligan House, at 501 Colorado Ave. in Pueblo, Colorado, is a Queen Anne-style house which was built in 1891 for a prominent Pueblo lawyer. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>It was built for Judge Mathew J. Galligan and his wife Minnie J. Bailey Galligan by Miles McGrath. McGrath was the architect, contractor and building supervisor. Galligan (1855-1930), was born in Washington County, Wisconsin, worked for Union Pacific in Nebraska and Iowa, and studied law, and practiced briefly in Denver, and moved to Pueblo in 1883.</p><br>
<p>The house was deemed "significant architecturally as an intact example of a well designed and beautifully finished upper-class dwelling of its era" and "significant historically for its connection with the well respected and civic minded lawyer, Mathew J. Galligan. Members of the Galligan family lived in the home for eighty-six years."</p><br>
<p>Another source calls the house "a fine example of the Queen Anne style with its wrap around porch and circular tower."</p><br>
<p>The Coronado Lodge, at 2130 Lake Ave. in Pueblo, Colorado, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.</p><br>
<p>It was built "ca. 1940-41 by Ralph and Anna Ferris, the Coronado Lodge was part of a national boom in motel construction between 1940 and 1960 that reflected the nation’s growing automobile-based mobility and increased disposable income for leisure travel in the years following World War II. The Coronado Lodge is important for many reasons, most strikingly for its association with the history of African American travel and tourism during the era of segregation."</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "an excellent example of Pueblo Revival-style mid-century motel architecture. The Pueblo Revival style produced an eye-catching appearance that appealed to travelers by evoking the history and romance of the Southwest. The style is particularly appropriate for Pueblo, which historically has had a large Hispano population with ties to New Mexico. The Coronado Lodge displays several distinguishing characteristics of the Pueblo Revival style including stepped massing, flat roofs with parapets, stuccoed adobe and concrete block walls, projecting vigas, portales with corbelled brackets, and flat-headed windows."</p><br>
<p>"The Coronado Lodge is also significant for its association with the history of African American travel and tourism during the era of segregation. The motel offered accommodations to African American travelers since at least 1946 and advertised from 1957 to 1967 in The Negro Travelers’ Green Book, publication historian Gretchen Sullivan Sorin described as “the bible of every Negro highway traveler in the 1950s and early 1960s.” Most Colorado Green Book lodging facilities were small “tourist homes” in existing residences. The Coronado in 1957 became the second Colorado motel to be listed in The Green Book under owners Arthur H. and Hattie L. Copley and remained one of only three motels listed in it through 1967. The facility was integrated, welcoming both whites and guests of color prior to the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act."</p><br>
<p>SIGNIFICANCE: Ethnic Heritage/Black, Architecture</p><br>
<p>The Seigle Homestead is a historic house built around 1793 and located along Riegelsville-Warren Glen Road in the Finesville section of Pohatcong Township, the only surviving two-story log house in Warren County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 1977, for its significance in architecture and social history. The log house was listed as a contributing property of the Finesville–Seigletown Historic District on November 10, 2010.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The log house was built by members of the Benjamin Seigle family around 1793. The area around it had a mill, pottery, and store operated by the family.</p><br>
<p>The hamlet became known as Seigletown.</p><br>
<p>The Harlem African Burial Ground was a segregated cemetery created in 1668 for the burial of enslaved and freed Africans in the Dutch colony of Harlem. It is located at what is presently 2460 Second Avenue in the East Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It was maintained until 1858 by the Elmendorf Reformed Church, the successor of the Low Dutch Reformed Church of Harlem which founded the cemetery. Although historians of New York and Harlem, as well as church historians, were aware of the cemetery&#39;s existence, the East Harlem community was largely unaware of its history until the late 1990s when the New York City Department of Transportation  began planning the reconstruction of the nearby Willis Avenue Bridge. The investigation revealed that the construction might affect a colonial site and historic burial ground which was under the decommissioned East 126th Street Bus Depot. Per New York State law, the DOT conducted a Phase I-A historical and archeological survey, which verified the existence of the burial ground.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1658, the Dutch governor Peter Stuyvesant ordered enslaved Africans to construct a road from the Dutch colony in Lower Manhattan to the colony of Nieuw Haarlem. The Dutch colonizers of Nieuw Haarlem raised funds to build a Reformed Dutch church at what would become 1st Avenue between 126th and 127th Street in 1665. In 1667, a quarter-acre plot of land north of the church became the colony&#39;s first official burial ground. In 1686, the church relocated to a new building to the south of the original church and established a new cemetery at the site; the original burial ground would become known as the Negro Burying Ground, presently called the Harlem African Burial Ground.</p><br>
<p>The Low Dutch Reformed Church of Harlem maintained these segregated cemeteries for white parishioners and parishioners of African descent. The church moved a few blocks from its original site in the mid-19th century and sold the African burial grounds to a parishioner who used the land for grazing livestock. The Low Dutch Church eventually sold the site in 1853, allowing for the re-division of the land, including the burial grounds, into private parcels that would become City Block 1803. After contacting descendants for permission, the remains of the white parishioners were disinterred and reburied in Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx; the remains of the African parishioners were left behind. The land was subsequently used for a variety of purposes including an amusement park, a beer garden, barracks for a National Guard infantry unit, and a film studio owned by William Randolph Hearst. The building was bought by the Third Avenue Railway Company for its streetcars and later buses, which was then acquired by the city.</p><br>
<h2>Harlem African Burial Ground Task Force</h2><br>
<p>Many Harlem community leaders, historians, and advocates insisted that there was an unidentified African burial ground somewhere in East Harlem. The Harlem African Burial Ground Task Force was founded in 2009 in conjunction with Elmendorf Reformed Church to memorialize and preserve the burial ground, although the precise location was at that point unknown. The reverend of Elmendorf Reformed Church, Dr. Patricia A. Singletary, has served as co-chair with former New York City Council Speaker Melissa Mark-Viverito since the task forces inception. In 2011, a group of students from Hunter Colleges Urban Planning Studio submitted a report to the task force about memoralization options of the site and recommended archeological assessment. In 2015, the New York City Economic Development Corporation hired the consulting firm AKRF, Inc to conduct a Phase I-B archeological assessment under the former bus depot. More than 140 bone and bone fragments were found, including a skull believed to be from an adult woman of African descent.</p><br>
<p>The remains identified at the former burial ground were re-consecrated in a ceremony conducted by Dr. Singletary and are currently held in storage in the archives of the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission awaiting re-interment at the future memorial.</p><br>
<p>On January 29, 2018, the site was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Memorial and development</h2><br>
<p>The New York City Council approved the redevelopment of the former bus depot into a mixed-use development with a memorial for the original burial site in 2017. The approval prohibited any development on the location of the original burial ground, which is reserved for the memorial. The rest of the block will be developed into a cultural center for the residents of East Harlem and affordable housing for low-income residents. The project was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, the MTA announced its plans to finish vacating the block, with a timeline of beginning the planning-design phase in 2023, contingent on funding.</p><br>
<p>The Zimmerman House is a historic home located in Glenn Springs Historic District at Glenn Springs, Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States. The home was constructed from 1852 to 1854 as the plantation house of John Conrad Zimmerman, a local entrepreneur. The home consists of a two-story frame house in a U-shaped plan. On the west and north sides, there are two-tier porticos with stuccoed doric columns on each tier. There is also a brick wellhouse with stuccoed brick arches, and a barn with a granite cornerstone.</p><br>
<p>The Orman-Adams House, at 102 W. Orman Ave. in Pueblo, Colorado, was built in 1890. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by architect William A. Lang and built by contractors Blackwell & Genest.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed "an excellent example of Romanesque Revival" architecture, in particular of Richardsonian Romanesque. Its significance, however, derives not from its architecture but from its association with its residents, who included Colorado governors James B. Orman and Alva B. Adams. Orman was the original owner and had the house built in 1890; he lived there from 1891 to 1918. He served as governor of the state from 1901 to 1903. In 1918, Adams and family moved in. Adams served as governor during three periods: from 1887 to 1889, from 1897 to 1899, and for one day in March, 1905. He died in 1922. His son Alva B. Adams lived in the house from 1918 until his death in 1941, and served as USA Senator for the state from 1922 to 1924, and then again from 1932 to his death.</p><br>
<p>The house continued in use as a private residence until 1952, when it became an administrative office building of the local public school district. It was still serving in that capacity when it was listed in 1975. It has also been known as School Administration Building.</p><br>
<p>The home most recently changed ownership in 2022 when it was purchased by the Koncilja family.</p><br>
<p>The house is one of a number of large stately homes in the South Pueblo neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>The Alaska Packer&#39;s Association Diamond NN Cannery located at the mouth of the Naknek River  in Naknek, Alaska operated between 1890 and 2015. In 2020, the cannery site was formally nominated for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places and in 2021 the nomination was forwarded by the Alaska Historical Commission for national listing consideration. It was listed in August 2021.</p><br>
<p>An exhibit based on the history of the cannery called, "Mug Up: The Language of Work" opens at the Alaska State Museum in Juneau, AK in February 2022. For cannery workers, "Mug Up," meant a coffee break.</p><br>
<p>Epps-Mcgill Farmhouse is a two-story Folk Victorian style 3,658 ft&sup2;home located near Kingstree, in Williamsburg County, South Carolina. Construction of the home began in 1905 by Silas Wightman Epps. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Epps-Mcgill Farmhouse was the residence for multiple generations of farmers that worked in field surrounding the property, which was originally 51 acre in size. The farmhouse is known for is high level of architectural integrity, with little changes being made during its existence, and for its unique ownership as a rare instance of success in the sharecropping system of the American South when purchased by African American farmer Weaver McGill in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Downtown Longmont Historic District, in Longmont, Colorado, is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.</p><br>
<p>The district includes 83 buildings, 69 of which are deemed contributing buildings, and 17 of which were already designated Longmont Local Landmarks. Rehabilitation work on contributing buildings is eligible for tax credit funding; the local landmarks require a local Certificate of Appropriateness before exterior work, including signage and painting, can be done. The district also includes four buildings already individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places:</p><br>
<p>St. Stephen&#39;s Episcopal Church (listed in 1975),</p><br>
<p>the Firehouse Art Center building (listed in 1985),</p><br>
<p>the Dickens Opera House (listed in 1987), and</p><br>
<p>the Longmont Carnegie Library (listed in 1992).</p><br>
<p>The district map shows an irregular outline enclosing an area equivalent to about six complete city blocks.</p><br>
<p>The district was designated in a ceremony at the Firehouse Art Center in February, 2017. "As a result of efforts that began in 2012, a portion of downtown Longmont has been named to the National Register of Historic Places. / The staff with the city and the Longmont Downtown Development Authority spearheaded the effort to gain recognition for the district, which is generally bound by 3rd Avenue to the south, 5th Avenue to the north, Coffman Street to the west, and Emery Street to the east. “People really love and value our downtown area’s authenticity — it’s a real working main street,” development authority executive director Kimberlee McKee said. “We just really want to bring public awareness to our history.” / The district is made up of 83 buildings, 69 of which were built between 1879 and 1967 and are considered historically significant."</p><br>
<p>“Longmont has so many gems,” Visit Longmont Executive Director Nancy Rezac said, adding that she expects the historic designation will boost downtown tourism.</p><br>
<p>It includes the I.O.O.F. Building, aka I.O.O.F. Lodge #29, in the 400 block of Main Street.</p><br>
<p>The Longmont Carnegie Library, at 457 Fourth Ave. in Longmont, Colorado, is a Carnegie library which was completed in 1913. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992, and was included as a contributing building in the Downtown Longmont Historic District in 2017.</p><br>
<p>Its construction was funded by a $12,500 Carnegie grant given on December 13, 1907, but there were delays due to controversy in the city obtaining a site and lining up maintenance funding. A library tax proposition was voted down in 1908, but a site was acquired by the city in 1912. It is a one-story rectangular simplified-Renaissance Revival-style building. Benjamin C. Viney was its supervising architect.</p><br>
<p>It served as a library until 1975. In 1992 the building served as a City Hall Annex hosting several city departments.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant "for its social significance in association with Andrew Carnegie&#39;s nationwide public library movement beginning in 1886", and it was also deemed to have "architectural significance in its high quality materials and construction and for its Renaissance Revival design by English born Longmont architect Benjamin C. Viney, an associate of the prominent Scottish architect Thomas McLaren of Colorado Springs." McLaren designed the previously completed Carnegie library in Boulder.</p><br>
<p>Mimosa Hall is a Greek Revival mansion in Roswell, Georgia, built in 1841. It is one of several historically significant buildings in the city and is a contributing property of the Roswell Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The antebellum mansion sits on a 9 acre estate originally built in 1841 for John Dunwoody, one of the shareholders in the Roswell Manufacturing Company. Andrew J. Hansell purchased the home in 1869 from George H. Camp and named the home after the mimosa trees on the property. Mrs. Barrington King purchased the house in 1898.</p><br>
<p>Architect Neel Reid purchased the home in 1916, reconstituted the courtyard and gardens, designed the fieldstone driveway, converted the twin parlors into a large drawing room, and added modern plumbing, electricity and a furnace. Reid bought the front door from an old house on lower Fifth Avenue in New York City that was home to the first Bishop of New York and installed at Mimosa Hall.</p><br>
<p>The house was purchased by Granger Hansell, great-grandson of Andrew J. Hansell, in 1947. In July 2016, the 9 acre estate was listed for sale with an asking price of $7,900,000 (~$ in ) and included a swimming pool, a 19th-century grist mill refashioned into a barn, and 21 acre of adjoining woods. The home and surrounding was listed at $3.85 million. The City of Roswell purchased the 9 acre Mimosa Hall property in 2017 for $2,950,000 from then-owner Sally Hansell utilizing financing from a 10-year Georgia Municipal Association installment loan. After purchasing the estate, the City spent $300,000 for structural analysis, tree assessments, fireplace repairs and a solar roof.</p><br>
<p>An 1841 fire damaged the original wooden walls and brick was used to rebuild them in 1846. The home contains four bedrooms and four bathrooms and is 6,308 square feet in size The interior contains three rare panels painted in 1881. One of the panels depicts the Three Graces - Cupid, Psyche and Venus.</p><br>
<p>The estate grounds contain many different species of trees including Osage orange, deciduous oriental magnolia and yellowwood., with 14 of the original 15 gardens still intact with features including a cutting garden, a rose garden, a weeping tree garden, a sunken garden, and a reflecting pool and garden.</p><br>
<p>The T. M. Callahan House, also known as the ‘’’Sweeny-Callahan House’’’, at 312 Terry St. in Longmont, Colorado, is a large Queen Anne-style house built in 1892 and expanded in 1897 and 1908. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>It is now an event venue known as the Callahan House & Garden.</p><br>
<p>It has served as a Women&#39;s club building.</p><br>
<p>Its foundation is red Lyons sandstone.</p><br>
<p>The original builder in 1892 was James Wiggins. Its interior was extensively renovated by interior designers Mitchel & Halback in 1908.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s original construction and 1908 renovation created "many outstanding decorative features...as well as beautifully landscaped grounds."</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant as "one of Longmont&#39;s most distinguished houses" and for its association with James Koller Sweeny, its first owner and a banker and flour mill manager. Its association with Thomas M. Callahan, founder of Golden Rule Stores is more significant however. Callahan lived in and had an office in the house from 1897 until 1938. A younger partner of Callahan, eventually, was James Cash Penney, who learned from Callahan and from Guy Johnson and went on to buy them out of their stores in Wyoming and to establish the J.C. Penney Company.”</p><br>
<p>“Soon after Callahan bought the Sweeny house, he began to make improvements. He added</p><br>
<p>hot water heat and a four-room, two-story addition on the south rear of the house where</p><br>
<p>he located his office on the first floor.”</p><br>
<p>“The house&#39;s wraparound porch and porte cochere were added in 1904; the interior was redesigned in 1908, and its grounds were expanded by purchase of adjacent land, allowing for extensive landscaping.”</p><br>
<p>"During his years in Longmont, Callahan was very active in local civic affairs and</p><br>
<p>fraternal organizations. He served as an officer and/or director of several local</p><br>
<p>banks and was involved in the formation of the Arbuckle Ditch Company, which remains</p><br>
<p>an important water source for Longmont and the surrounding farm community. 6</p><br>
<p>In 1938 Callahan and his wife moved to Reno, Nevada, at which time they donated their</p><br>
<p>house to the city of Longmont for exclusive use by women f s groups and clubs for meetings</p><br>
<p>and special events. The Mutual Improvement Club, founded in 1892 as one of Longmont f s</p><br>
<p>first social clubs, holds meetings in the house. Men are seldom allowed in the house</p><br>
<p>and alcohol is prohibited according to the stipulations of Callahan’s gift. The house</p><br>
<p>is managed by a private board with the grounds maintained by the city."</p><br>
<p>A second contributing building on the property is a one and a half story red brick carriage house. In 1984 it was being renovated to serve as offices for the St. Vrain Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>It was designated a Longmont local landmark.</p><br>
<p>The Boulder Creek Bridge near Boulder, Colorado is a concrete slab and girder bridge which was built in 1953. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>It brings Colorado State Highway 119 over Boulder Creek, and was under Federal rather than state management as the highway provides access from Boulder to the Roosevelt National Forest.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by the USA Bureau of Public Roads. It is 100 ft in total length, and 39 ft wide carrying a 34 ft-wide roadbed. It consists of three spans, the main one being 48 ft long. It has concrete abutments, wingwalls, and spill-through piers. Steel flex beams on the approach were a later addition.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed technologically significant as one of the first concrete girder bridges in Colorado of a new type, having parabolically arched beams rather than flat ones, and supported by concrete spill through piers.</p><br>
<p>The Robinson House in Louisville, Colorado, at 301 Spruce, also known as the Cedarberg House, was built in 1904. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>It is a vernacular wood frame two-and-a-half-story house with a Colonial Revival style porch extending across its front. The house was deemed significant as "one of the best and most elaborate examples of vernacular wood frame architecture in Louisville. In a community consisting primarily of one to one and one-half story modest frame houses, the Robinson House remains as one of Louisville&#39;s largest historic</p><br>
<p>residences. The interior is one of the most elaborate and most intact, adding to its architectural significance."</p><br>
<p>It was listed as part of a 1985 multiple property study focusing on historic buildings of Louisville. The study identified this house and seven others as reflective of "Louisville&#39;s evolution and development during the heyday of coal mining which brought the town into existence."</p><br>
<p>The Empson Cannery, also known as the Kuner-Empson Cannery, is a historic cannery and factory building located at 15 3rd Avenue in Longmont, Colorado. It was built in 1901. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Of several buildings on the site, the red brick warehouse building was nominated for National Register listing. This is a 72x327 ft building, actually including three separate structures:</p><br>
<p>The northernmost section, about 72x150 ft in plan, two stories, with 12 in thick solid brick walls; the bearing walls stand about 28 ft tall. It is a two-story structure with a 7 ft crawl space below. There are three weight bearing walls that are 28 ft high. The wood-decked, metal-finished roof is 107 ft long, with two brick chimneys.</p><br>
<p>The middle section is attached to the northern portion of the first and second floors. It is 100 ft in length and approximately 72 ft wide. There is an 8 ft basement space and a loading dock on the east side.</p><br>
<p>The southernmost section has solid brick walls, 12 in thick. The structure is 76 ft long by 72 ft wide with a full basement. Two brick chimneys are located on the east side.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John Howard Empson (1849–1926), a confectioner from Cincinnati, founded the cannery and built the building. He is considered a "pioneer in the canning industry". The main crop of the cannery was peas, and Empson received several patents for his pea-canning devices. He also developed an improved pea stock that was both sweeter and smaller. Max Kuner was a pioneer in the pickle industry.</p><br>
<p>At the turn of the 20th century, the cannery was the largest employer in Longmont, having a considerable economic effect on the region. In 1903, the cannery was producing 300 railroad carloads of canned produce annually, and employed 400 workers. It was used as the warehouse of the Empson Cannery (later the Kuner-Empson Cannery) until the end of 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Historical significance</h2><br>
<p>The warehouse is historically significant as the building symbolizes the final step in locally produced food preserving and processing. It was the single largest building in the area, and it dominated the site on which it was constructed. "For over eighty years it has been symbolic of the cannery itself."</p><br>
<p>The Bullion Plaza School, at 1000 Plaza Ave. in Miami, Arizona, was designed by architects Trost & Trost in Classical Revival style and was built in 1923. It served as a school from 1923 to 1994 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. It now is the Bullion Plaza Museum.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant "for its association with the history of Mexican Americans and school segregation in Arizona, and... as an example of late Neoclassical Revival architecture in public buildings in Miami."</p><br>
<p>Berwick Manor and Orchard, is located on Boronda Road off Carmel Valley Road in Carmel Valley, California. The farmstead was acquired in 1869 by Edward Berwick, a prolific writer and educator as well as a scientific farmer. The manor and orchard was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 17, 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The farm has been in continual ownership and operation by the Berwick family since 1869 and is the only intact farmstead of this period left in Carmel Valley.</p><br>
<p>The property has been held by four families, since its initial parceling in the Mexican land grant in present-day Monterey County, California, given on January 27, 1840, to Antonio Romero by Governor Juan Alvarado. It was used during the Great Depression by the federal government to teach local ranchers more scientific farming methods.</p><br>
<p>Edward Berwick died on January 28, 1934, in Monterey, California. He was 91 years old. After his death, the Berwick Orchards were put for rent. An 89.82 acre parcel of land at the Berwick Manor and Orchard was sold in 1961 and later subdivided into what is known today as the Berwick Manor Subdivision.</p><br>
<p>The D. M. Francis House, at 1456 Meade Lane in Flagstaff, Arizona, is a historic bungalow house which was home of a large-scale sheepman. It was built in 1917 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>It was built as a home for D. M. Francis, who was prominent in sheepraising in Coconino County. Francis "was one of the only 47 pioneer sheepmen who established ranches in Coconino County between 1881 and 1890." Francis teamed up with Hugh E. Campbell in forming the Campbell-Francis Sheep Co., which was one of the largest sheepraising companies in Arizona in the early 1900s.</p><br>
<p>In 1943 the front of the house was partially covered by vines.</p><br>
<p>The house was surveyed as part of a study of historic resources of Flagstaff in 1985; the study termed it "the finest local academic example of</p><br>
<p>the Craftsman Bungalow style combining wood detailing with the massive walls and porch piers of locally available malpais rubble."</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant for association with Francis and as the "best local representative of the Bungalow style." The house "fully articulates the design concepts and themes of the Bungalow style", and its "use of locally available malpais rock in construction combined with wood shingled walls is a classic expression of the Craftsman principles.</p><br>
<p>Google Streetview imagery from 2009 shows that the porch has been closed in with windows in between the malpais columns of the porch, which detracts from the Bungalow styling and from the historic character of the house.</p><br>
<p>A timber stringer bridge was the cheapest way to span spaces like arroyos. It consists of parallel timber logs laid across timber pile bents. These were by far the most common bridge type built in the state of Colorado, for example, historically.</p><br>
<p>At least one source has used the term Carrizo Wash to describe the two arroyos, terming them as two branches. The two branches/washes separately run south to the Puerco River, which parallels Interstate 40 to the south. The western one is Little Lithodendron Wash and the eastern one is Lithodendron Wash. Both bridges were constructed in 1932 by contractor Canion & Royden, and both were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. Nearly identical in their original construction, they are now very different from one another, as the western has been maintained and the other was abandoned and has deteriorated.</p><br>
<h2>Little Lithodendron Wash Bridge</h2><br>
<p>The Little Lithodendron Wash Bridge, the western one of the pair, has 18 spans and was in excellent condition when listed in 1988. It is located about 13.2 mi northeast of Holbrook.</p><br>
<h2>Lithodendron Wash Bridge</h2><br>
<p>The Lithodendron Wash Bridge, the eastern one of the pair of bridges, is a 22 span bridge. Located off the Interstate 40 in Navajo County, Arizona about 15.8 mile northeast of Holbrook, Arizona, it was built in 1932. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>W. B. Hodgson Hall is a historic building in Savannah, Georgia, United States, built in 1876. Designed by the American Institute of Architects founder Detlef Lienau, it is now the home of Georgia Historical Societys Research Center.</p><br>
<p>The building is located at 501 Whitaker Street, in the northwestern corner of Forsyth Park.</p><br>
<h2>William B. Hodgson</h2><br>
<p>The building was a gift of Margaret Telfair Hodgson and her sister, Mary Telfair (see Telfair Academy), as a memorial to Margaret&#39;s husband, William Brown Hodgson (1801–1871), a prominent Savannah citizen, American diplomat and scholar of the Middle East. Hodgson died on June 26, 1871, while on a visit to New York City.</p><br>
<p>Hodgson was a member of the Georgia Historical Society, and one of its curators for 25 years.</p><br>
<p>Hodgson is buried in Savannah&#39;s Bonaventure Cemetery. Although he arranged with (and paid) William H. Wiltberger for burial lot 13 of section D,</p><br>
<p>he was interred in lot 19 of the same section. The family of Noble Jones, including his son Noble Wimberly Jones, occupies lot 13.</p><br>
<p>Dutton Hotel, Stagecoach Station is located on Jolon Road in Jolon, California. What remains are ruins of an adobe inn that was established in 1849. The Dutton Hotel was a major stagecoach stop on El Camino Real in the late 1880s. The landmark was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1971.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first floor had two dining rooms, one for guests and the other for ranch hands and servants; two parlors and rooms for the owner. The second story had rooms for guests on both sides.</p><br>
<p>The General Store was next to the hotel and was called "Jolon Station", which was the chief supplier of foodstuffs, clothing, building supplies and whatever people needed. It had a saloon in the rear of the building with a fireplace, an ornate bar and six poker tables. Miners from the Los Burros Mining District in the Santa Lucia Mountains and families who lived in Pacific Valley and other coastal areas would visit the hotel twice a year to enjoy the hospitality of the Duttons for a few days and gather supplies for their mines and ranches. The first post office in Jolon was located at the general store.</p><br>
<p>Although the hotel operated from 1850 until 1929, its heyday was from 1875 until 1910. In 1910, when US-101 was rerouted to bypass Jolon by nearly twenty miles, the town became a ghost town within a few years. Hearst removed the surrounding buildings and his hope was to restore the adobe in the old mission style and turn it into a museum, but it never materialized.</p><br>
<p>In 1940, the United States Army acquired the property and the adobe was used as a recreation center and temporary camp. From 1950 to 1960, the building began to deteriorate. On August 16, 1969, the Monterey County surveyors and engineers surveyed the historic site. The roof had caved in the walls looked like they would not last the winter. On October 14, 1971, the Dutton Hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Today, visitors can still see what remains of the adobe hotel. A kiosk and sign stands in front of the remaining adobe bricks and protective structure that are in decay.</p><br>
<p>The Dirck Gulick House is a historic stone house built in 1752 and located at 506 County Route 601  in the Dutchtown section of Montgomery Township in Somerset County, New Jersey. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 11, 2003 for its significance in architecture and exploration/settlement. It is now operated as a historic house museum by the Van Harlingen Historical Society.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>The one and one-half story Dutch colonial house was built from fieldstone in 1752 by Dirck Gulick. He was married to Geertje Reed. A stone plaque on the exterior has their initials and the year built. The house features two separate entry doors and segmented stone arches over the doors and windows. Gulick was a deacon of the Harlingen Dutch Reformed Church. His sons, Hendrick and Guisbert Gulick, lived on the farm after his death. In 2004, it was acquired by the Van Harlingen Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The Dead Indian Canyon Bridge, near Desert View in Coconino County, Arizona, is a Warren truss bridge built in 1933 as part of developing public highway approach from the east to the south rim of the Grand Canyon. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>It is located on an abandoned grade of State Route 64 (SR 64) over Dead Indian Canyon, 150 yd south (upstream) from the current SR 64 roadway. It is 301.83 ft in length.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by the USA Bureau of Public Roads and was built by contractors Vinson & Pringle of Phoenix.</p><br>
<p>According to HAER documentation, "Dead Indian Canyon Bridge is significant for its association with the Cameron Approach Road, constructed in 1931–35 as the first modern automotive road linking the south rim of Grand Canyon National Park to the eastern Navajo Reservation and regional highways in northeastern Arizona. The bridge is also illustrative of roads and road structures built within special federal legislative authority to connect western national parks through a park-to-park highway system."</p><br>
<p>It was also deemed significant as the last-built and the longest of Arizona&#39;s deck truss bridges.</p><br>
<p>It is located 13.2 mi east of Desert View, on SR 64, which, although designated a state highway, was managed by the federal-level National Park Service.</p><br>
<p>Plymouth Church is an historic congregation located in Des Moines, Iowa and is a member of the United Church of Christ. Plymouth is known for its long history of social justice work including anti-racism and suffrage advocacy, ClimateCare, and aid to unhoused and refugee populations. Plymouth Church is an Open and Affirming church, a Stephen Ministries church, and a Just Peace Church. The church building, located at 42nd and Ingersoll Avenue, is included as a contributing property in the Greenwood Park Plats Historic District and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. The official name of the church is Plymouth Congregational Church of the United Church of Christ.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Under the leadership of Reverend A.L. Frisbie, 1871–1899, a new church was built in 1877 at the Northeast corner of 7th and Locust, this was Plymouths first real church. Pastor Frisbie and his wife Martha were both active in the anti-slavery and suffrage movements. During his service as pastor, three groups went into the Des Moines community to form new congregations: Pilgrim, North Park and Greenwood churches. In 1900 the church planned a new grand building at Eighth and Pleasant Streets downtown. The church was built on what came to be known as "Piety Hill." Parking became a problem at the downtown location as the church grew to 1300 members. Under pastor Frances VanHorn a new church was built at 8th and Pleasant Street. An advertisement from 1909 mentions a sermon entitled "Lincolns Religion, the religion of Jesus and Ours - for big hearted, broad minded folk." During World War I a fourth neighborhood church, Waveland was started.</p><br>
<p>In 1919 there were three Congregational churches in Des Moines: Greenwood at 35th and Grand pastored by Rev. J. P. Burling; Plymouth at 8th and Pleasant pastored by J.E. Kirbye; and Waveland Park at 1117 42d Street pastored by H. J. Sealey. The current Plymouth Church building has three rooms honoring these early congregations: Waveland, Greenwood and Burling.</p><br>
<p>When Dr. Burtis MacHatton came to Plymouth, he found the 8th Street building to be “bursting at the seams.” In 1925 the city wished to extend Eighth Street through to Keosauqua Way and the church property was acquired by the city. The new building opened in 1927 with a similar gothic style and stained glass windows moved from the old church. The old church site is now part of the Principal building complex.</p><br>
<p>The building committee decided to build a new church on the western outskirts of Des Moines at 41st and Ingersoll. The four neighborhood churches, North Park, Pilgrim, Greenwood and Waveland joined with Old Plymouth to build the new large church at a cost of $475,000. Since that time, the church has undergone two major expansions.</p><br>
<p>Stoddard Lane is remembered by the congregation as the Pastor who carried Plymouth through the depression and World War II. He promoted chose the Motto still used by the Plymouth congregation, “We agree to differ, resolve to love, unite to serve.”</p><br>
<p>In 1957 the Congregational Church and the Evangelical and Reformed Church merged to form the United Church of Christ. The congregation was affiliated with the new church at this time.</p><br>
<h2>Current building</h2><br>
<p>The current Plymouth Church building is a contributing building in the Greenwood Park Plats Historic District. According to the application to the National Registry: "The Gothic Revival style is represented by the district&#39;s three churches as well as the West Chester Apartments (3831 Ingersoll Avenue, 1918). The most striking architectural feature of the district is the twin square English Gothic towers of Plymouth Congregational Church (4126 Ingersoll Avenue, 1926) and St. Augustin Catholic Church (545 42nd Street, 1922)."</p><br>
<p>Plymouth Church is sited: “This Gothic Revival plan has been somewhat compromised by a number of additions to the west and northwest. The notable feature is its prominent original square bell tower, a form that replicates that found in St. Agustin to the south. This is likely the only Des Moines example of matching church towers and the form itself seems to be unusual in the city. The original architects were Proudfoot, Rawson and Souers, aided by Dougher, Rich and Woodburn as associate designers. Construction was begun in May 1926. This church congregation combined two pre-existing congregations and represented the suburban shift of the downtown churches. Major additions date to 1978 was for $450,000 and 1986-88."</p><br>
<p>In 1961 a 4,500 pipe organ was installed.</p><br>
<h2>Henry Martyn Rollins Tower</h2><br>
<p>The square English Gothic tower of the Plymouth Church building was built as a memorial to Henry Martyn Rollins. Rollins was a Des Moines business man and civic leader (1841-1915). Rollins was an active member of Plymouth Church and served as chair of the board of trustees for many years. The tower is a key architectural element of the church. As the church building has grown, the tower has become a central focal point of the building. The tower is 82 feet tall and constructed of brick and limestone. Extensive repairs were made to the tower in 2019–20.</p><br>
<h2>Social action</h2><br>
<p>Plymouth Church has always been a leader in social action in the Des Moines Community. In 1883 it founded and supported the Sunbeam Rescue Mission. In 1912 it opened its doors to families without fuel during a cold winter. In 1968 the church opened a retirement home for low income seniors, Plymouth Place, located across the street from the church. In 1998, 250 members of the congregation worked to build a three bedroom Habitat for Humanity home in two weeks after raising the funds for materials. In 2003 the church initiated a LGBQ friendly policy. In 2018 the church began to display a “Black Lives Matter” banner.</p><br>
<h2>Abolitionists</h2><br>
<p>One cherished story in Plymouth history is that the first location of Plymouth Church in downtown Des Moines served as a stop on the Underground Railroad. The first church building was a small frame building on Court Avenue. "While at this location, the church was used by the underground railroad, hiding slaves on their journey north."</p><br>
<p>It is unlikely that the church served as a physical railroad stop because the Underground Railroad conductors tried to avoid densely populated areas and there is no contemporaneous documentation that Plymouth Church was a stop. Certainly, however, the membership of early Plymouth held abolitionist sentiments:</p><br>
<p>“June 1851: General Association of Congregational Churches Affirms Being Guided by Higher Law Than Man-made Law Toward Slavery</p><br>
<p>Meeting in Denmark, Iowa, members declare that a higher law than man-made law should guide their acts and that members do nothing to aid in apprehending fugitive slaves.”</p><br>
<p>The Underground Railroad route through Des Moines started at Jordan House (West Des Moines, Iowa) The wagons drove along the south bank of the Raccoon river toward the confluence of the Raccoon and Des Moines rivers. They passed near downtown Des Moines to cross the Des Moines river by ferry or bridge to reach the capital grounds on the east side of the river. The railroad trail would have passed near the downtown location of Plymouth Church in order to cross the Des Moines river on the way to the next overnight stopping point near Yellow Banks Park. The trail through Iowa continued east to Illinois and eventually the fugitives made their way to Canada.</p><br>
<p>One prominent Plymouth founding member who was voted in as a trustee on January 18, 1858 (Minutes, Plymouth Congregational Church, 1858) was John Teesdale, editor of the Des Moines Newspaper: The Des Moines Citizen, renamed the Iowa State Register in January 1860. John Brown and Teesdale attended the same Congregational Church in Akron, Ohio. Teesdale was an abolitionist and friend of John Brown (abolitionist). On one of Brown’s trips through Iowa in 1859, Teesdale met Brown at the Des Moines river and paid the ferry fare for his party to cross.</p><br>
<p>In 1882, Teesdale provided a detailed account of his last encounter with Brown in a letter to the editor in the Des Moines Iowa State Register:</p><br>
<p>Teesdale reported that he paid the wagons’ toll to cross the river.</p><br>
<h2>Sunbeam Rescue Mission</h2><br>
<p>The Mission was founded and supported by Mrs. A. Y. Rawson&#39;s (Mary Louise Scott Rawson 1839-1900) Plymouth Church Sunday School Class from 1893 to 1906. The mission was run single-handedly by Frank and Grace Cramer and was one of the first charitable missions in Des Moines. The mission was a multi-purpose social agency providing housing for homeless men, unwed mothers and babies. Its mission included job training, reclamation of prostitutes and religious services. The mission was a business enterprise that included a restaurant, laundry, a free medical clinic, and a kindling factory.</p><br>
<p>Frank and Grace Cramer worked for eleven years without a vacation working seven days a week from 5 AM to 10:30 PM. Finally, after 14 years, Grace lost 38pounds and was advised to move to a more temperate climate. The board was unable to find a replacement for her and the mission was closed. During those years the mission provided 39,502 nights for men, 31, 162 nights for women and 147,328 meals.</p><br>
<p>A newspaper article entitled "Cry for Justice" was published with the closing of the mission.</p><br>
<p>"Here and there women will be saved who have seen nothing ahead but blight, darkness and death. But no permanent and lasting reform will ever be accomplished until society demands one code of morals for both sexes...then we can hope to restrict, nay even eradicate the social evil."</p><br>
<h2>Senior Pastors</h2><br>
<p>J.T. Cook, 1857-1858</p><br>
<p>J.M. Chamberlain, 1858-1865</p><br>
<p>Henry S. DeForest, 1866-1870</p><br>
<p>A.L. Frisbie, 1871-1899</p><br>
<p>Francis J. Van Horn, 1899-1903</p><br>
<p>Frank W. Hodgdon, 1903-1910</p><br>
<p>J. Edward Kirbye, 1911-1921</p><br>
<p>Burtis R. MacHatton, 1921-1929</p><br>
<p>Stoddard Lane, 1929-1943</p><br>
<p>Frederick M. Meek, 1943-1946</p><br>
<p>Fred Hoskins, 1946-1950</p><br>
<p>Charles M. Houser, 1950-1959</p><br>
<p>James W. Lenhart, 1960-1977</p><br>
<p>Ford Forsythe (Interim), 1977-1978</p><br>
<p>James O. Gilliom, 1978-1994</p><br>
<p>David R. Ruhe, 1994-2015</p><br>
<p>Mathew Mardis-LeCroy 2015-2020</p><br>
<p>Sarai Rice (Interim) 2020-2021</p><br>
<p>Jared Wortman 2021-</p><br>
<p>The Gold Miner Hotel or Goldminer Hotel, at 601 Klondyke Ave. in Eldora, Colorado in Boulder County, Colorado, was built in 1898. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997,</p><br>
<p>A two-story portion of the current hotel, including a front clapboard facade and a porch, is from the original 1899 construction. The clapboard is over squared, milled logs, which are not covered on the sides. A one-story 1934 log addition to the rear is also historic. The squared logs are joined by half-dovetail notching.</p><br>
<p>It is a salient property in the Eldora Historic District, its centerpiece.</p><br>
<p>In 1997 the hotel was operated as a bed and breakfast.</p><br>
<p>The James R. Welker House, at 1127 Central in Safford, Arizona, was built in 1915. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>It is a rectangular single-family brick house which includes "traditional" Queen Anne-style features such as shingling below its cornices. The house is surrounded by a low white picket fence.</p><br>
<p>It was associated with James Welker, who served on Safford&#39;s city council and as its postmaster in 1939, and was a merchant.</p><br>
<p>Welker was a Mormon who arrived in Safford in 1883, and along with other Mormons, was amazed at frontier practices. According to him, the cowboys "would ride into a town, go straight to the saloon, and commence shooting the place up. They were expert with the pistol too." He stated: "Ive seen very wonderful shots among those cowboys. They did not do much killing around here, but they were pretty wild and did about as they pleased.</p><br>
<p>The Bunce School, near Allenspark, Colorado near the Continental Divide in Boulder County, Colorado, is a historic one-room schoolhouse built in 1888. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>It is a 25x17 ft log building built upon stone piers. It was built by V.H. Rowley and J.H. Bunce.</p><br>
<p>When listed, it was one of only two surviving log rural schoolhouses in Boulder County. In 2013, it was asserted to be the only surviving log schoolhouse in the county.</p><br>
<p>A second contributing building on the property is an outhouse.</p><br>
<p>It is located off Colorado State Highway 7 about 3.8 mi south of Allenspark.</p><br>
<p>Tidball Store or Jolon General Store is located off Jolon Road in Jolon, California, United States, /4 mile south of the Dutton Hotel, Stagecoach Station. The store was constructed by pioneer, Thomas Theodore Tidball, from the remains of an old adobe inn, built in 1868 by Flint & Bixby Stage Lines. Tidball supplied food, clothing, building supplies and other necessities to customers traveling through and to local ranchers and miners. The store was a major stagecoach stop on the old El Camino Real in the late 1880s. The landmark was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 12, 1976. It is the only standing commercial building of Jolon, once a major community of southern Monterey County.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Tidball Store is located off Jolon Road, near the junction of Hunter-Ligget Military Reservation Road in Jolon, California. The road once followed the trail of the Portolá expedition of 1769. The store was constructed by pioneer, Thomas Theodore Tidball, from the remains of an old adobe inn, built in 1868 by Flint & Bixby Stage Lines. The store was a became a major stagecoach stop on the route for travelers between San Francisco and Los Angeles in the late 19th-century. Lieutenant George Hough Dutton (1825–1905) had a competing hotel and store in Jolon, which Tidball once owned and were partners, but he soon established his own country store. Five miles to the west was the Mission San Antonio de Padua, founded by Franciscan Fathers in 1771. The General Store was a supplier of foodstuffs, clothing, building supplies and other necessities to customers traveling through or to local ranchers and miners. Redwood framing and feed yards was added in 1890. Although the store operated from 1850 until today, its heyday was from 1875 until 1910. In 1910, when US-101 was rerouted to bypass Jolon by nearly twenty miles, the town became a ghost town within a few years.</p><br>
<p>On October 18, 1892, the store was listed as a voting place under the list of Boards of Election for San Antonio Valley, California.</p><br>
<p>On February 5, 1906, Tidball sold his store at Jolon to Edward Ganoung. Tidball and his wife retired at their ranch a few miles in New Monterey.</p><br>
<p>On September 19, 1948, the old Jolon store was replaced by a modern building called the San Antonio Curio Store. In the back room was an iron safe with the name "T. T. Tidball" painted across the top, which had valuables from the years that Jolon was a station on the stagecoach route to Los Angeles. Since 1950, the building was used as a store with living quarters for the owners on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>On December 12, 1976, the Tidball Store was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Efforts have been made to preserve and restore the store. On October 5, 1990, a plaque and monument were placed at the Tidball Store during a noon dedication ceremony by the Monterey Viejo Chapter 1846 of the E. Clampus Vitus historical benevolent organization. The San Antonio Valley Historical Association had been restoring the store since 1976. The building will be used as a museum. On March 27, 2015, the United States Army Fort Hunter Liggett held a ceremony for the transfer of 2.5 acres of land around the Tidball Store from the US Army to the County of Monterey.</p><br>
<p>Today, except for minor alterations, the building looks as it did in 1890 when it was converted from an adobe way station to a retail store. It remains as the only standing commercial building of Jolon, once a major community of southern Monterey County.</p><br>
<p>The Woman&#39;s Club in Safford, Arizona, United States, is located at 215 Main and was built in 1930. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>The building is constructed of cut stone in an ashlar pattern. It was designed by M. H. Starkweather (1891-1972) of Tucson.</p><br>
<p>"The building is considered to have architectural significance at the local level for its representation of a late Bungalow style and as a work of a master. Accordingly, it is nominated under criterion "c."</p><br>
<p>The Rhoades House, at 1024 Grant Ave. in Louisville, Colorado in Boulder County, Colorado, was built in 1906. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>It was originally owned by George W. Rhoades. In 1985 it was deemed "one of the best intact examples of Queen Anne Vernacular architecture in Louisville, and well illustrates the modest housing erected by coal miners in the community in the early 20th century." At the time of listing both its interior and exterior were "virtually intact".</p><br>
<p>It may in fact be a Sears catalog house.</p><br>
<p>The property also included a contributing structure: a historic frame shed, and a non-contributing garage.</p><br>
<p>The Hoverhome and Hover Farmstead, at 1303-1309 Hover Rd. in Longmont, Colorado, are the remains of a historic farmstead. The current 4.3 acre site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>A farmstead house built in 1893 is included, and also a Tudor Revival house, the "Hoverhome" or Hover Mansion, which was built in 1913–14. The latter was designed by Denver architects Robert S. Roeschlaub and Frank S. Roeschlaub. The site also includes agricultural buildings dating from c.1902 to c.1910, developed after Charles Hover purchased the property in 1902. These are among five more contributing buildings, seven contributing structures, and two contributing sites covered in the listing.</p><br>
<p>Charles Lewis Hover had the Hoverhome built in 1913-1914 for himself, his wife Katherine, and their adopted daughter Beatrice; their family is the only family to have lived in the home. It is a 1.5-story, 6,000 ft&sup2, brick, east-facing building. The mansion has an irregular plan about 65x30 ft in dimension, and includes a porte-cochere.</p><br>
<p>The property includes a formal garden site developed by Katherine Hover and Beatrice Hover. Along the northern boundary was an irrigation ditch along which numerous irises grew, since abandoned and filled in, but in 1999 there were plans to re-establish the historic iris border. The eastern boundary had a "flourishing hedge" of Rosa Harisons Yellow&#39; roses, a variety which was spread along the Oregon Trail and in scattered western homesteads in the late 1800s. The yellow rose hedge was removed in the 1980s when Hover Road was widened, but in 1999 it was being re-established along a chain link fence line.</p><br>
<p>The Hoverhome portion also includes a garden house/tool shed building and a garage building, and a stone grill. The farmhouse portion also includes a barn, a farm garage, and a mill/grain elevator. The contributing structures of the farmstead are:</p><br>
<p>a creamery, a 10x10 ft brick structure with a steep pyramidal roof,</p><br>
<p>a wood and coal shed, a 10x14 ft wood-frame structure with board and batten siding,</p><br>
<p>a chicken house with a cedar-shingled roof,</p><br>
<p>two round metal grain silos, relocated in 1996 from just north of the listed area so that they would not be demolished,</p><br>
<p>a stock watering trough, which is a concrete bowl in shape, relocated from west of the mill/elevator.</p><br>
<p>The mansion was designated a Longmont Designated Landmark in 1977 as "Hover Home".</p><br>
<p>When listed, the property was owned by the St. Vrain Historical Society, which had been aided by grants from Colorado&#39;s State Historical Fund, and it was operated as an events venue.</p><br>
<p>The property was deemed significant for its agricultural association, for its association with Charles Hover, and for the architecture of the Hoverhome and of the farmstead buildings.</p><br>
<p>The Grant Road in Los Alamos, New Mexico, known today as Dot Grant Trail, and also New Mexico Laboratory of Anthropology Trail # 89103, is a historic wagon road, now a hiking trail, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The Grant historic wagon trail was part of a system of roads and trails used for transportation and horses on the Pajarito Plateau of Northern New Mexico. The terrain is rugged and remote. There were ten historic roads in the area including the Grant Road which served the Grant Farm, and connected with two other major access roads on Pajarito Plateau.</p><br>
<p>The trail is used now as a hiking and mountain biking trail. The soft tuff underlying the trail is still deeply rutted from years of wagon use.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>For centuries, the local Indigenous peoples used the Pajarito Plateau as a resource during certain seasons of the year. The earliest evidence that archaeologists have found of use by Paleo-Indians dating back to 9500 BC to 8000 BC, and to the Archaic period (2000 BC to 600 AD). Artifacts such as small stone hearths, knapped stone projectile points, and scatters of Archaic period lithic fragments are evidence that the area had short-term use. Evidence of seasonal use was also found dating between 600 AD and 1150 AD.</p><br>
<p>Beginning in 1150 AD to 1550 AD the Ancestral Puebloan people and later the Puebloan people occupied the area; there they built modestly sized farmsteads where they practiced agriculture and also hunting and gathering. Larger scale pueblos on Pajarito Plateau. There is no evidence that the Spaniards who arrived in New Mexico in 1592, used the area, nor is there any evidence of use by any other European peoples at the time until the mid-19th century.</p><br>
<p>In 1846, the United States participated in the Conquest of New Mexico, during the Mexican-American War, which was the start of permanent use of the plateau by settlers. The system of trails and roads in the area were developed more fully between 1887 and 1943 by the local Hispanic and Anglo settlers in the rugged plateau landscape, now known as Los Alamos. The Hispanic homesteaders used these trails and roads seasonally to haul water and products to market, and herd livestock during grazing season.</p><br>
<h3>20th century use</h3><br>
<p>1913 marks the first appearance of Grant Road on a United States Forest Service map. At that time, the road provided a means of approach to Rendija Canyon and Bayo Canyon as well as to the homesteads in the Barranca and North mesa areas in the western lowlands. In 1915, a 24-year old Hispanic homesteader named Ramon Martinez applied for a use-permit to homestead the area for himself, his wife and child to live a life similar to other Hispanic homesteaders. He used the homestead seasonally, returning to the lower altitude valley below in the fall, then moved back up to the homestead each spring. In 1925, Ramon and Adelaida Roybal purchased the homestead from Martinez for $500. Five years later it was sold to Dot Grant for $300 to establish a permanent home. When Ottie Oman "Dot" Grant, an Anglo homestead owner from Colorado bought the existing Hispanic homestead and the associated trail to support his agricultural lifestyle year round (unlike his neighbors who used their land seasonally), the road was a means to provide access to his property. Grant married Emelina Garcia, from the Espanola Valley. He acquired grazing rights, raised cattle and chickens as well as growing a diverse variety of crops. He sold meat, eggs and vegetables to the Los Alamos Ranch School and in the markets of Santa Fe.</p><br>
<p>The road&#39;s first major period of 20th century significance was from 1920-1924, when the Los Alamos Ranch School was first built and the area was used for the training of boys in outdoor skills including maintaining the trails. The most significant year of use of the Grant Road was 1943 for exploration and settlement when the Los Alamos Laboratory was under construction, and continued through the years of the Manhattan Project when the first atomic bomb was being built. Use continued until about 1949. This period abruptly ended the agricultural lifestyle of Ottie Oman "Dot Grant during which all "individual homesteads and homestead access roads were condemned, bringing to a close the rural character and agricultural economy of the area."</p><br>
<p>The site&#39;s 2003-dated National Register nomination document identifies its southern end as being located "Approx. 131 ft. N of the NE corner of the jct. of Diamond Dr. and San Ildefonso Rd." However the roadways and intersection have changed. At the time of the nomination, the homestead road was considered to be "well preserved."</p><br>
<p>It was entered into the registry of historic places on January 14, 2004. Grant Road is considered to be historically significant at the local level by the NHRP per Criterion A as a settlement and transportation route, and per the Homestead and Ranch School Era Roads and Trails of Los Alamos, New Mexico.</p><br>
<h3>Current use</h3><br>
<p>The road was the access route to a historic homestead located along the trail, the Guaje Pines Cemetery is located near the northern end. Today Grant Road is now used as a recreational hiking trail. It is also used as a mountain biking trail that connects the Perimeter trail to Rendija Canyon and the Cabra Loop trail. Additionally, it can be used as access to the Bayo Canyon Trail, the Bridges Trail and to Three Bears/Guaje Road. The ascent along the trail is 207 feet, and the descent section is -61 feet with a total altitude differential of 146 feet. The trail head begins at 7,115 feet in altitude and the end of the trail is at 7,261 feet.</p><br>
<h2>Trivia</h2><br>
<p>A scene from the 2023 film, Oppenheimer, was filmed on the Dot Grant Trail.</p><br>
<p>Stockton Savings and Loan Society Bank  is a historic commercial building completed in 1908. It is located on 301 East Main Street in Stockton, California. The landmark was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 19, 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On July 17, 1906, Stockton Savings and Loan Society stockholders authorized the expenditure for $250,000 to a build a new bank. The location of the new bank was on the northeast corner of Main and San Joaquin Street. The bank was Stocktons first skyscraper. The Stockton Savings and Loan Society Bank is a Renaissance Revival building constructed from 1907 to 1908. It is a steel-reinforced brick and terracotta building that is seven stories and penthouse on the eighth story. The classical design and brick masonry on the exterior gave Stockton an early nickname of "The Brick City." The bank lobby retains its original appearance including Tuolumne County marble wainscoting, marble tellers counters, and marble and bronze patrons counters. It has the original plate glass windows and marble flooring. The elevator serves four floors of offices plus three floors occupied by the Yosemite Club. The Yosemite Club is the oldest chartered mens club in California, dating back to 1888. The brick and terracotta used in the construction were made at the Carnegie Brick and Pottery Plant and is an example of a building constructed entirely of clay products from Carnegie. The Carnegie site has been designated California Historical Landmarks in San Joaquin County #740.</p><br>
<p>In 1907, contractor A. W. Cowell secured the contract for building the foundation for the bank building. The cost of the foundation was $7,009. The foundations were the first ones reinforced with concrete with steel girders running through them ever put down in Stockton. The eighth floor consists of dinning and lounging rooms for club members. Myers & Ward of San Francisco were the architects. Edward B. Brown of Stockton drew the plans for the Yosemite Club.</p><br>
<p>It was the first building constructed by the Stockton Savings and Loan Society (now Bank of Stockton, which was established in 1867. For the first time in Stockton, the bank included a PBX, the first revolving door, private rooms for individuals to use Safe Deposit boxes, and a private waiting and rest area for woman.</p><br>
<p>St. Georges Episcopal Memorial Church, a historic Episcopal church in Bismarck, North Dakotas capital, is unique for its construction incorporating stained glass from English churches bombed in World War II into its own stained-glass windows. It is located in the Episcopal Diocese of North Dakota and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2021. The building, completed in 1949, replaced an early one dating to 1881 in the Dakota Territory, prior to statehood in 1889. The original building was built on railroad-donated land in the first decade of the city&#39;s growth. The church needed more space by the 1930s but was unable to erect a larger building until after World War II. The original building was moved and repurposed as a museum at Camp Hancock State Historic Site. The newer building is notable for being constructed of pumice concrete and its unique stained-glass windows. The windows were made in England by Barton, Kinder, and Alderson, and the majority of them contained pieces of glass that were salvaged from dozens of damaged churches in southeast England during World War II. The glass studio documented the lineage of each window, with some made with glass collected from churches built in the Middle Ages.</p><br>
<h2>Early history and first building</h2><br>
<p>The church traces its origin to 1873 and had its first resident missionary in 1878, who held services in the town schoolhouse. In 1879, the congregation, then called the Church of the Bread of Life, first sought to construct its own building, and the Northern Pacific railroad was solicited for a donation of land. The railroad gave the church six lots, then considered by some to be too far from town. It was built by John Hoagland for $2,400 from 1879 to 1880. It was based on a design by British architect Henry G. Harrison, who designed the Trinity Cathedral in Omaha, Nebraska, at the same time. Details were provided by local architect A. E. Hussey, who was working in a Mandan lumberyard. The building was mixed Stick style and Gothic Revival, later characterized as lacking in "ecclesiologically correct features". Components including windows, doors, Gothic roof brackets, and interior woodwork were made by "the father of John A. Larson". The church was consecrated in 1881, with the first baptismal service held on June 16 of that year and the first marriage in August.</p><br>
<p>In 1882, the bell from the steamship Red Cloud, named after Oglala Lakota (a native American tribe) leader Red Cloud was donated and installed in its belfry. The bell had been a donation to the ship in honor of Red Cloud, and was re-donated to the church after being salvaged from the bottom of the upper Missouri River after the ship burned and sank.</p><br>
<p>The interior was updated in 1887:</p><br>
<p>North Dakota Episcopalians were aware of the liturgical importance of richly decorated surfaces. The church at Bismarck was redecorated in 1887, the interior painted three shades of terra cotta red, relieved by silver chamfers to create a warm and cozy effect. Also used were light amber for walls and faint blue with lime stenciling for the ceiling. The chancel was elaborately decorated with large panels including "monograms surrounded by a symbolic border of wheat ears and vine leaves".</p><br>
<p>The church was renamed to St. George&#39;s Episcopal Church around 1890, and the building was moved about 10 years later to the corner of Third St. and Rosser Ave. After being replaced by a larger building, the structure was moved in 1965 to Camp Hancock, an army outpost established in 1872 to protect workers building the Northern Pacific. The camp is now a state historic site and open-air museum listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Second building</h2><br>
<h3>Planning</h3><br>
<p>The congregation had outgrown the original building by the early 1930s and sought a larger church but were hampered by the economic realities of the Great Depression. It raised enough money to purchase land in 1937 directly across from the Governors Mansion. While informal discussions were held, it was not until January 1941 that architect Herman M. Leonhard, a member of the congregation, was retained to design a new church. Little progress was made until a substantial donation was promised in 1943. In December of that year, four houses on the new site were sold and moved off the churchs land, clearing the way for construction which was delayed until the end of World War II. In May 1946, Leonhard was instructed to abandon the original plans and design a building patterned after St. John the Divine Episcopal Church in Moorhead, Minnesota, designed by Cass Gilbert. Construction was awarded to John W. Larson in spring 1948 for a cost of $150,000. Thomas Hall represented Governor Fred G. Aandahl at a groundbreaking ceremony on May 8, the 75th anniversary of the church&#39;s first service. Construction was completed over summer 1949 and the first service in the new building was on September 10.</p><br>
<h3>Description</h3><br>
<p>The building is of Elizabethan Gothic style. The exterior walls were planned to be made of cut Kasota limestone, but were instead made of reinforced poured concrete to reduce cost. The concrete was a lightweight type, mixed with pumice that also raised the insulation value. It is said to be the first building in the northern US to use pumice concrete. The ceiling has large exposed wood beams and the roof was originally covered with asbestos cement shingles. They were later replaced with asphalt shingles. The interior ceiling is tongue-and-groove wood siding and the walls are the same concrete finish as on the exterior.</p><br>
<p>The scale of the building is appropriate for its residential neighborhood. It has steep-pitched roofs and a single tower, square at the base and octagonal on top measuring in height with a steeply-pitched spire. Cruciform in plan, the church&#39;s nave is and seats 300. Each transept is wide and seats an additional 25 and the chancel holds a choir of 30. The organ was an electronic model made by Wurlitzer. The basement is used as a large hall for dinners, meeting, and recreation, and also contained a kitchen, and other rooms. The cost of the church was $150,000.</p><br>
<h3>Dedication</h3><br>
<p>In conjunction with the opening of the new building, the church published St. Georges Episcopal Memorial Church: A Memorial to the Pioneers of the Dakotas, 1873-1949, a 16-page account of the churchs history and a detailed description of the new building and its furnishings and equipment. The book, which sold for 25 cents, described each window including the specific English church whose glass it contained.</p><br>
<h3>World War II Memorials</h3><br>
<p>The first US flag flown at the new building had draped the casket of a soldier from Bismarck killed in Europe during the post-war occupation. The flag pole itself was dedicated to all soldiers killed during the war. Other items were dedicated to specific soldiers, including a Lieutenant who died in Holland in December 1944; a Captain who survived the Bataan Death March and 45 months of imprisonment but was killed by the bombing of a prison ship sailing to Japan in January 1945; and a Lieutenant co-pilot of a B-17 who was killed on a bombing mission over Germany in August 1944.</p><br>
<h3>Stained glass</h3><br>
<p>The 45 stained-glass windows were made in Brighton, England, by Barton, Kinder, and Alderson (BKA). The blue and green borders in forty of the windows include pieces of glass salvaged from the windows of over two dozen churches in southeast England that were damaged by bombing in World War II. The glass was carefully collected and catalogued to maintain its provenance. While many of these churches were built in the modern period, some are from the Late Middle Ages and the earliest, 1100, in the High Middle Ages. There are no other known items made from salvaged English church glass in the United States, nor other work by BKA.</p><br>
<p>One window, which includes the Seal of North Dakota, a tribute to Thomas Hall, has glass from St. Michael&#39;s Church in Southampton, built. A window with the Seal of Canterbury contains glass from Holy Trinity Church in Bradford, West Yorkshire, built c. 1864.</p><br>
<p>Other windows in the church and chapel contain glass from a church in East Langdon, Dover, Kent (built 1500); St Martins Church, Great Mongeham, Dover, Kent (built 1685); the chapel at All Saints Hospital in Eastbourne, East Sussex (built 1851); Christ Church, Fairwarp, East Sussex (built 1881); St Mary Magdalenes Church in Lyminster, West Sussex (built 1566); St Saviours, in Walmer, Dover, Kent (built 1800); St Michael&#39;s, Highgate, London (built 1775); a parish church in Chilworth, Hampshire (built 1850); a chapel at a House of recovery in Southampton (built 1914)</p><br>
<p>St Mary Magdalenes Church, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex (built 1850); All Saints Church, in Hastings, East Sussex (built 1553); St Andrews Church in Bishopstone, East Sussex (built 1561); St Nicolas Church in Pevensey, East Sussex (built 1290); All Saints Church in Hurstmonceaux, East Sussex (rebuilt 13th c.); St. Lukes Church, Southampton (built 1800); St John the Evangelist in Kingsdown, Dover (built 1850); St. Peter the Great, Chichester, West Sussex (built 1810); St. Maryss Church in Ashford, Kent (built 1578); St. Andrews Church, Deal, Kent (build 1850); St Peters Church in Titchfield, Hampshire (build 1500); All Saints Church in Westbere, Kent (built 1400); St. Bartholomews, Dover, Kent (built 1800); St. Matthews Church, Southampton, (built 1800); St Marks Church in Kennington, London (built 1820); St. Mary Magdalene and St. Denis Church in Midhurst, West Sussex (built 1563); St. Nicholas, in Strood, Kent (build 1565); Holy Trinity Church in Millbrook, Southampton (built 1870); and Old St Mary&#39;s Church in Walmer, Kent (built 1560).</p><br>
<p>The Diocese of North Dakota published a book in 2019; St. George&#39;s Episcopal Memorial Church (Bismarck, ND): The stained glass windows / Prepared by Tom Tudor, photos by Bruce Wendt.</p><br>
<h4>Importation</h4><br>
<p>Imported stained glass considered artwork for use in churches, and valued at over $15/sq ft, was duty-free under the Tariff Act of 1930. Barton, Kinder, and Alderson was "anxious" to establish a market for their glass in the US and had quoted a very low price of $15/sq. ft, about 30% under market value. Due to devaluation of the British pound while the glass was being produced, the US Treasury Department calculated the value at $13.25/sq ft at time of importation and assessed a tariff of over $1,700 for which the church had not budgeted. The matter was not resolved until 1953 with legislation introduced by North Dakota Senator William Langer that, against the recommendation of the Treasury, waived the duty because the church was acting in good faith.</p><br>
<h2>Modifications</h2><br>
<p>An addition was added in 1996 to provide an alcove, vestibule, elevator, and ADA-compliant restroom in the basement. The original west facade is still visible on the interior of the building, with stained-glass windows now decorative elements on former exterior walls. The walls of the addition were concrete and the roof was timber-framed, all to match the original building. The original organ room was converted to a columbarium. The original organ was replaced in 1986 with a larger 1,074-pipe organ made by the Möller Organ Company. As it did not fit in the original location, its installation required movement of other windows.</p><br>
<h2>National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)</h2><br>
<p>St. George&#39;s Episcopal Church was listed on the NRHP for its architectural design, including "innovative use of materials and unique artistic details" which "distinguish it from contemporaneous religious buildings in the state". The nomination was reviewed by the Bismarck Historic Preservation Commission on June 16, 2021, and formally listed in October.</p><br>
<p>The Central School in Peoria, Arizona, at 10304 N. 83rd Ave., was built in 1906. It is a two-room schoolhouse, built in Mission Revival architecture and/or Spanish Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Its two classrooms are each 39x25 ft and are separated by an 11 ft central hall.</p><br>
<h2>Museum and dissolution</h2><br>
<p>It was occupied by the Peoria Arizona Historical Society Museum, also known as the Peoria Central School Museum, which was operated by the Peoria Arizona Historical Society. The Society was dissolved in 2017, due to a dispute over control between two groups of members.</p><br>
<p>In July 2019 it was stated that the two groups had refused arbitration, and that the PAHS&#39;s lease with the city was terminated.</p><br>
<p>The city spent $19,000 securing artifacts of the PAHS and arranging for an inventory to be completed.</p><br>
<p>It was stated in February 2021 at the PAHS&#39; Facebook page that the PAHS had been dissolved due to a court ruling, and all assets were turned over to the city, and the city called for original donors or loaners of artifacts to file claims to retrieve their items by May 2021.</p><br>
<p>The Bowie School District No. 14 is a complex of four school buildings and supporting structures together on one block in Bowie, Arizona. The entire complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The schools – Bowie High School (1922), Bowie Grammar School / Eva E. Hall Building (1912–14), Mary Doyle Elementary School (1961), Bruce E. Brown Gymnasium (1940) – were all deemed historic and designated as contributing buildings. Contributing structures were a Works Progress Administration-built swimming pool dating from 1936, a tennis court and an iron fence which partially surrounded the complex.</p><br>
<p>The listing included the entire block holding all of Bowie&#39;s schools and supporting structures. Besides the four contributing buildings and three contributing structures were non-contributing elements: four other buildings, four other structures, and two objects.</p><br>
<p>The listing of Bowie schools was supported by Bowie alumni and other community members; a 2013 newsletter reported that a graduate student named Kristine Smedley was working on the nomination.</p><br>
<p>Prolific Tucson-based architect Annie Rockfellow (1866–1954) and Norway-born architect Henry O. Jaastad (1872–1965), who also served as Tucson&#39;s mayor, are credited for the architecture.</p><br>
<p>Gladstone School is a historic public school in the Hazelwood neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It operated between 1914 and 2001, serving at various times as an elementary school, a junior high or middle school, and a high school. The school&#39;s mascot was the Gladiators. Pittsburgh Public Schools sold the vacant property to a community group in 2016. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.</p><br>
<p>The school consists of two buildings, both in the Collegiate Gothic style. The main building was designed by O. M. Topp and was built in two phases, which were completed in 1914 and 1923, respectively. The annex building was added in 1926 along with a pedestrian bridge to join the two buildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The school opened in October 1914 with a capacity of 350 elementary-grade students. An addition in 1923 increased the number of classrooms from 14 to 26 and allowed the school to also enroll junior-high students. In 1926, a three-story annex opened next to the original building, bringing the school&#39;s capacity to 1,290 students. The annex included a swimming pool, two gymnasiums, wood, metal, and electric shops, and facilities for art, music, drafting, and millinery.</p><br>
<p>By the 1950s, Hazelwood&#39;s demographics had shifted from primarily Eastern European to primarily African American. To accommodate the age and population changes in the neighborhood, Gladstone was expanded to a senior high school in 1960. The school was scheduled to close in 1976 as part of a Pittsburgh Board of Education plan to reduce segregation in the district. After pressure from neighborhood residents, it ultimately remained open as a middle school, but the elementary and high school grades were eliminated. The high school students were bused to the new, majority-white Brashear High School in Beechview.</p><br>
<p>Gladstone closed in 2001 and remained vacant for over 20 years. In 2016, Pittsburgh Public Schools sold the property to a community group which planned to use it as a community center and affordable housing. Ground was broken in 2022 to convert the main building into 51 mixed-income housing units.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Gladstone School consists of two rectangular buildings which are oriented perpendicular to each other and joined by a pedestrian bridge. The main school building, on the east side, was designed by local architect O. M. Topp and was built in two phases. The front section was completed in 1914 and the rear section was added in 1923. A further addition at the rear was completed in 1965. The annex building on the west side was completed in 1926. Both buildings are three stories high with raised basements and are designed in the Collegiate Gothic style.</p><br>
<p>The Clark House in Prescott, Arizona, at 109 N. Pleasant, was built in 1883, and it was moved a short distance in about 1899. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>It is a Territorial-style woodframe house, about 30x45 ft in plan.</p><br>
<p>It is also known as the Eli P. Clark House, named for Eli P. Clark, a co-owner of the Pioneer sawmill which contractually provided the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad with railroad ties during the railroad&#39;s construction. Clark used profits from the contract to build this residence on the northeast corner of Gurley and Pleasant Streets, on a lot which is now a parking lot for a church on Gurley St. It was purchased by a Dr. Pentland in 1899 and was moved, for unknown reason, about 75 ft north, so it is now on the second lot up from Gurley St. It faces the Prescott United School District building. At the time of its move, some modifications may have been made, but "the building has retained those features which distinguish it from later styles."</p><br>
<p>The house has been renovated after it was purchased in 2016 and is operated as a vacation rental, the Pleasant Street Guest House.</p><br>
<p>The Logia Unión y Ampara No. 44, or Logia Masónica de Caguas is a masonic lodge located in Caguas, Puerto Rico which was built in 1923. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 15, 1988 and on the Puerto Rico Register of Historic Sites and Zones in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>According to historians of freemasonry, somewhere between 1873 and 1875 the Logia Ampara had a member named Jose Ramos de Anaya who went on to serve as Grand Master from 1903 to 1904 in Puerto Rico.</p><br>
<p>The privately owned lodge, designed by Antonin Nechodoma, was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on June 15, 1988. The lodge features a Greek Revival architecture style and is made of concrete. As of June 15, 1988 it still maintained its function as a meeting place for freemasons.</p><br>
<p>Logia Union y Amparo No44 1 - Caguas Puerto Rico.jpgFacade of Logia Union y Amparo No. 44 in April, 2017 with boarded up windows</p><br>
<p>The Mutual Life Building, originally known as the Yesler Building, is an historic office building located in Seattles Pioneer Square neighborhood that anchors the West side of the square. The building sits on one of the most historic sites in the city; the original location of Henry Yeslers cookhouse that served his sawmill in the early 1850s and was one of Seattles first community gathering spaces. It was also the site of the first sermon delivered and first lawsuit tried in King County. By the late 1880s Yesler had replaced the old shanties with several substantial brick buildings including the grand Yesler-Leary Building, which would all be destroyed by the Great Seattle Fire in 1889. The realignment of First Avenue to reconcile Seattles clashing street grids immediately after the fire would split Yeslers corner into two pieces; the severed eastern corner would become part of Pioneer Square park, and on the western lot Yesler would begin construction of his eponymous block in 1890 to house the First National Bank, which had previously been located in the Yesler-Leary Building. Portland brewer Louis Feurer began construction of a conjoined building to the west of Yeslers at the same time. Progress of both would be stunted and the original plans of architect Elmer H. Fisher were dropped by the time construction resumed in 1892. It would take 4 phases and 4 different architects before the building reached its final form in 1905. The Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York only owned the building from 1896 to 1909, but it would retain their name even after the company moved out in 1916.</p><br>
<p>Though well maintained as an office building into the 1940s under the ownership of the Shafer Brothers, by the 1950s the building was largely vacant and deteriorating, becoming a poster child of the blight facing the Pioneer Square neighborhood and in the early 1960s was recognized as one of the most historically significant buildings on the square. The building became the birthplace of Seattle&#39;s historic preservation movement and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 as a contributing property in the Pioneer Square Historic District but was not fully restored until the early 1980s, which returned its use to office space.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Henry Yesler</h3><br>
<p>In the wake of the Great Seattle Fire, the city took the opportunity to widen, raise and realign many downtown streets to reconcile the converging street grids that met at Yesler Way which they had been attempting to fix for years. Yeslers property at 3 of the 4 corners of 1st and Yesler had stood in the way of these changes, and Yesler, being the frugal and stubborn man he was refused to surrender an inch of right of way. To firmly cement his property lines in 1883 he had one of Seattles grandest buildings built on the corner that the city wanted to cut through, the Yesler-Leary Building. Designed by William E. Boone, the regions most prominent architect at the time, it was modeled after the triangular Phelan Building in San Francisco. The First National Bank, later known as Seafirst Bank, opened in the corner and the building soon became a busy gathering place. Not long after the Yesler-Leary Building was completed an even larger 4-story annex of the same architecture with a central tower was proposed to fill the lot to the West between it and the Post Building, but these plans were shelved when Seattles economy turned sour towards the end of 1884. A more conservative in style building known simply as the New Yesler Block (and also designed by Boone) would be built on the lot in 1888 but its life would be short lived. It is within the footprint of this building that the Mutual Life Building would eventually stand.</p><br>
<p>Yesler finally agreed to sell his corner lot to the city and in order to remove the jog separating Front Street (1st Avenue) and Commercial Street (1st Avenue South), the street was cut through Yeslers corner, creating Pioneer Square Park and leaving him with a roughly rectangular corner parcel where most of the New Yesler Block had been. The Western 30 feet of that lot, which Yesler had sold to John Leary in 1881 for construction of the original Post Building, had been purchased by German native and Portland, Oregon brewer Louis Feurer shortly after the fire for $35,000, who with Yesler would build their separate buildings with a unified appearance. About a year after the fire, after the dust had settled from regrades and widening, the two men began construction of their office buildings that would serve as the new home of the First National Bank as well as the Washington Savings Bank (No relation to Washington Mutual Savings). Yesler and Feurer both chose architect Elmer H. Fisher, who had designed for the latter the Pioneer Building and Bank of Commerce Buildings on neighboring corners of the square. In Fishers original design Yeslers 6-story building and Feurers 3-story building were to be clad in rusticated Salt Lake red sandstone, and would be the only buildings of their kind in the city. Feurer filed a permit for construction of his building in November 1889. Begun in late summer of 1890, construction proceeded slowly on Yesler&#39;s portion and a temporary roof was put over the completed first floor and basement as soon as it was fit for occupancy, with Feurer following suit. Despite reports at the time, the entire building would not be built at once, and not to the design originally proposed.</p><br>
<p>By the time construction of the building recommenced in the summer of 1892, Fisher had suffered a series of legal and financial setbacks and was no longer practicing architecture. Emil De Neuf, former head draftsmen and now successor to Fisher, was retained by Yesler to draft a new design for the top 5 floors, to bring it more up to date; The upper floors would now be faced with buff pressed brick and only trimmed with red sandstone (this time sourced from Portage, Wisconsin) to unify it with the base. The interiors were to be lavishly decorated in marble, mahogany, Spanish cedar, glazed tile and the most modern plumbing system in the city, ultimately making it more expensive than the original design. Wilmot, Middlebrook & Davis were awarded the $35,000 general contract for this next phase of construction which initially only covered the second and third floors before work would pause again. That September it was announced that instead of just adding the two floors and stopping again, the building would be completed to its full 6 story design at once. This expansion however, would not include Louis Feurers portion of the building at 92 Yesler Way, then occupied by Hamm & Schmitzs Seattle Saloon; this part of the building would remain single-storied and under Feurer&#39;s ownership for another decade.</p><br>
<p>Henry Yesler died in December 1892, within days of the completion of the buildings structure, but it had yet to be furnished on the inside. Plastering and woodwork would be postponed until Yeslers estate could be sorted out and the first upstairs tenant, The Washington Club, wouldn&#39;t move in until the following September.</p><br>
<h3>1896–1909: The Mutual Life Insurance Company</h3><br>
<p>After three years of tumultuous legal battles over Henry Yeslers estate were finally settled, the first order of business was to auction off his many Seattle properties, which began in July 1895. Of these, the Yesler Building garnered the most interest from buyers. Although all sales from the estate were required to be public, it was largely understood that the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York would be the highest bidder, and they won the building for $130,000. The Mutual Life Insurance Company, which had been established in New York in 1843, opened their Seattle branch in 1890 with Fred L. Stinson as agent. First located in the Safe Deposit Building at the foot of Cherry Street, they moved to the Bailey (now Broderick) Building about a year before purchasing the Yesler Building. Sherwood Gillespy, recently installed as Mutual Lifes agent overseeing the entire Northwest region, moved his offices into the building in early January 1896 at which time the building officially became known as the Mutual Life Building. That July they hired prominent local architect William E. Boone, who at that point had mostly set his practice aside to focus on civic affairs, to supervise alterations to the building and completion of the top 3 floors. Their first major change to the building would be replacing the stone relief above the main entrance arch that once said "Yesler Building" with their own name. The redesign, prepared by the prominent New York firm of Clinton and Russell would give the building its current projecting copper cornice, not originally envisioned by Fisher or De Neuf; this work would be completed by the end of 1898.</p><br>
<p>In July 1902, Mutual Life purchased Louis Feurers 1-story building at 92 Yesler way for $50,000 with aims to expand the Mutual Life Buildings floor space. On June 18, 1904, under the direction of agent Gillespy, work began on adding floors to the Feurer Building to bring it up to its neighbors height. This final phase was designed to blend in seamlessly with the existing façade but would be built using "absolutely fireproof" steel frame construction that as well as serving as a structural anchor to the rest of the building could support up to 3 additional floors if the need arose. As Emil De Neuf was reducing his practice in the city, Gillespy turned to architect James E. Blackwell, who happened to be a tenant in the building. The Gribble & Skene Company were awarded the $80,000 general contract, which would eventually inflate to over $120,000. During this addition the entire ground floor underwent a modernization which saw the heavily rusticated sandstone of the buildings ground floor shaved down and smoothed.</p><br>
<h3>1909–1955: The Shafer Brothers</h3><br>
<p>Following a 1907 law passed in New York State as a result of the Armstrong Investigation that prohibited insurance companies based in that state from owning property, Mutual Life put the building up for sale through Henry Broderick. It was sold in 1909 to the Shafer Brothers for $350,000 in what was seen as one of the most lucrative sales in recent history. The Shafer Brothers, Issie and Julius, were clothing merchants by trade who had made their fortune outfitting miners during the Klondike Gold Rush and purchased the Mutual Life Building as a permanent investment, one of many Seattle buildings and properties they would eventually own as the Shafer Land Company. They established an office on the 4th floor and would maintain the building as first class office space for over 40 years. Mutual Life would retain a lease in the building for another decade before eventually moving uptown to the Stuart Building in the Metropolitan Tract in 1916 and later the 1411 4th Avenue Building.</p><br>
<p>In May 1910, ground floor anchor tenant the First National Bank moved across Pioneer Square to larger quarters in the Pioneer Building. The space was next occupied by the State Bank of Seattle which would themselves move to larger uptown quarters in August 1914; it would be the last bank to leave the square, which at one time had one on nearly every corner. While the building remained mostly intact architecturally, The ground floor would be remodeled multiple times over the next several decades, updating and widening storefronts and removing most of the arches from the former banking space.</p><br>
<p>On December 15, 1916, realtor Alexander Millar was found dead by a gunshot wound in his 5th floor office. First thought to be suicide, the killer, Tucson, Arizona miner Herbert Stokes, turned himself and the murder weapon into police almost immediately (before the police chief could even finish reading out the report) claiming that he felt Millar was swindling him. The two men had gone into a partnership on a patent for a telephone directory advertisement index and Millar would be in charge of payouts, which were not forthcoming. After several warnings, Stokes stormed into Millar&#39;s office brandishing his revolver and demanding his papers for the patent back and after being brushed off, shot the unarmed Millar dead in his chair. He would later be charged with manslaughter. On May 10, 1917, another man, broker Max Freed, was found dead by a gunshot wound in his office; this time it was determined to be a suicide.</p><br>
<p>During World War I, the Mutual Life Building was home to the United States Army recruiting office headquarters on the 5th floor, where victory pins and medals would be awarded to those who presented their discharge papers. The building would remain mostly occupied throughout the 1920s by various brokers, unions, stevedore firms and shipping companies but like many others would struggle with vacancies during the Great Depression. The Shafer Brothers would advertise in the newspapers frequently offering slashed rental rates as low as $1 per square foot but demand for office space on skid row would not improve after World War II, at least not for reputable businesses.</p><br>
<h3>1955–present: Decline and revival</h3><br>
<p>In October 1955, the Mutual Life Building was purchased from the Shafer Brothers Land Company by Seattle dentist and real estate investor Dr. Sidney T. Magnuson for an undisclosed price. Henry Broderick, Inc, who had brokered the sale of the building 45 years prior, was again involved in the transaction. By this time Pioneer Square had been in decline for years and neighboring buildings were being demolished for parking lots rather than new development. The Mutual Life Building, though not in danger of demolition, was showing its age; its once bright buff brick darkened with decades of soot and pollution and the ground floor was now a hodgepodge of multi-colored facades and garish retail signage.</p><br>
<p>The early 1960s saw the public rediscovery of Seattles underground tunnels that raised awareness of the unique architecture of the Pioneer Square area and the poor condition its buildings were in. The Mutual Life Building, now mostly vacant, was recognized as one of the most important buildings on the square and well suited for renovation into studio units. The buildings water-powered hydraulic elevator was identified as the last one operating in the city and possibly the country and its basement bank vaults reached by a long forgotten marble stairway were a popular destination for urban spelunkers.</p><br>
<p>In 1961, spurred on by Anne Haubers Committee of 33 and the Municipal Art Commission, backers of a proposed ordinance to establish a historic sites council in Seattle met with community leaders in a union hall in the Mutual Life Building, officially kickstarting the citys historic preservation movement. Among those in attendance for a roundtable discussion were Henry Broderick, Joshua Green, Victor Steinbrueck, Ibsen Nelson, author Mary Bard Jensen, mayor Gordon S. Clinton and council member Harlan Nelson. Reflecting efforts to bring the neighborhood upscale, The Brittania Tavern, which had occupied the former bank vault space for decades, was replaced by Elroy&#39;s ice cream parlor, a popular component of Gay Nineties nostalgia, soon to be followed by more restaurants occupying the entire building and the beginnings of a cosmetic restoration that would spruce up the ground floor and finally wash away the decades of grime. In June 1970, the Pioneer Square Neighborhood was officially added to the National Register of Historic Places with the Mutual Life Building as a contributing structure and was later named a national historic site with a plaque ceremony in 1978.</p><br>
<p>With tax breaks made available by the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, a $3 million loan from the Gateway Savings Bank of San Francisco, and a $920,000 Urban Development Action Grant, the building underwent a $5 million restoration in the early 1980s by developer Mutual Life Associates, headed by Peter Erickson and aided by the newly established Historic Seattle. The firms Hewitt/Daly/Isley and Olsen/Walker Architects, who had also collaborated on restorations of the Colman Building, Merrill Place and the National Building oversaw design of the project to return the Mutual Life Building to office use. By the end of the decade the building was almost fully occupied but due high competition from a glut of new office space undercutting rental prices and rising interest rates caused by the Savings and loan crisis it was not enough to make back the money that had been loaned from the HUD grant and Mutual Life Associates filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy in July 1989. Though Mutual Life Associates would survive bankruptcy, they sold their building in 1996 to Emerald Island Limited Partnership who would sell the building ten years later to Historic Seattle, who had helped save the building from oblivion and whose offices had been located there since the 1980s.</p><br>
<p>In 2023, a proposal from Hybrid Architecture to convert the Mutual Life Building into a co-living space with 80 units of affordable housing won a citywide design competition. The competition, sponsored by the Seattle Office of Planning and Community Development, sought to explore reuse of office buildings left vacant by remote work in order to revitalize downtown areas.</p><br>
<p>The Brinkmeyer House, at 605 W. Gurley in Prescott, Arizona, was built in 1899. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>It was built from available house plans in a simplified shingle style.</p><br>
<p>Its first owner was Henry Brinkmeyer, an immigrant from Germany.</p><br>
<p>It was open to the public for a "boutique"/bazaar event that was a fundraiser for the Citizens Cemetery (which is another National Register-listed historic site within the Prescott Armory Historic District) in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The Prescott Armory Historic District is a 12 acre historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. It is a group of properties which "are all associated with Depression Era</p><br>
<p>construction between 1929 and 1939."</p><br>
<p>The district includes the Prescott Citizens Cemetery, the Smoki Pueblo and Museum, Prescotts National Guard Armory (now Prescott Activity Center), and the City Park and Ballfield (now Ken Lindley Field). All four of the buildings and two structures in the district are vernacular architecture (i.e. without high style). The armory, however, includes some elements of Richardsonian Romanesque architecture in its detailing, and the grandstand includes minor elements of Art Deco design.</p><br>
<p>The district is roughly bounded by E. Gurley, E. Willis, N. Arizona, E. Sheldon and N. Rush Streets.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant for "its association with the Depression-era in Prescott and the impact of various public relief efforts, both public and private. It is also significant... because it presents a cohesive group of projects which represent a style and technique common during the Depression-era. The period of significance dates from 1930, when the first local efforts began in response to the Great Depression (1929-1942) and 1939, corresponding to the completion of the last building within the District, the Prescott National Guard Armory."</p><br>
<h2>Citizens Cemetery</h2><br>
<p>Prescotts Citizens Cemetery "is a very large, historic final “resting place” for at least 3,500 of the areas pioneers, miners, and merchants of all kinds, Citizens and non-Citizens, wealthy, indigent, famous and infamous, and unknown deceased." It began with a burial of Joel Woods, a Colorado legislator, on public land southwest of Fort Whipple. It was termed "Citizens Cemetery" by 1872, and was deeded to a Virginia Koch in 1876, and eventually came to be owned by Yavapai County. Eligibility for burials was limited in 1933, and it has since been closed for burials. Only about 600 gravesites are marked. The 6.5 acre area of the cemetery was enclosed by a stone and masonry wall constructed in a Civil Works Administration project in 1934.</p><br>
<p>It has been maintained by the county and by volunteers of the Yavapai Cemetery Association.</p><br>
<p>The Foster–Armstrong House is a historic house museum located at 320 River Road  in Montague Township of Sussex County, New Jersey. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1970. The farmhouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 23, 1979, for its significance in agriculture, architecture, commerce, and exploration/settlement. The house is now part of the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area. The museum is managed by the Montague Association for the Restoration of Community History.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built by Julius Foster. In 1812, James B. Armstrong married Foster&#39;s daughter. Foster and Armstrong operated a ferry across the nearby Delaware River.</p><br>
<p>The Bishop–Irick Farmstead is a historic farmhouse at 17 Pemberton Road in the Vincentown section of Southampton Township of Burlington County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 4, 1992, for its significance in agriculture, architecture, and politics/government. It is now used as the headquarters of the Pinelands Preservation Alliance.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The oldest part of the house was built by John and Rebecca Bishop in 1753 for their 170 acre farm. The property was solely in the Bishop family until, when Emeline Bishop married John Stockton Irick, who then owned it. In 1932, the Bishop–Irick family sold the property and it became a smaller dairy farm. The land was subsequently subdivided, leaving the farmhouse on a 12 acre lot. It is now used by the Pinelands Preservation Alliance for offices, the Pinelands Visitors Center, and a nature trail.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The farmhouse is a two and one-half story brick building with Georgian architecture. It features patterned brickwork using both Flemish bond and English bond. The barn, built in 1932, is a well-preserved example of a Louden barn in the area.</p><br>
